Lp solutions of backward stochastic differential equations with jumps

Given $p\in (1,2)$, we study ${\mathbb{L}}^p$ solutions of a multi-dimensional backward stochastic differential equation with jumps (BSDEJ) whose generator may not be Lipschitz continuous in $(y,z)$-variables. We show that such a BSDEJ with $p$-integrable terminal data admits a unique ${\mathbb{L}}^p$ solution by approximating the monotonic generator by a sequence of Lipschitz generators via convolution with mollifiers and using a stability result.     

Stable Determination of Convex Bo dies from Intersection Bo dies

In this paper, by means of the dual Brunn-Minkowski theories and methods as well as the integral transform, we have established a stability version of nonsymmetric convex bodies from intersection bodies. In addition, a stability results of symmetric convex bodies from Lp-counterparts is established.     

时滞离散网络模型的动力学分析与同步

复杂网络广泛存在于日常生活,首先,给出几类标准的网络模型;然后,利用稳定性控制方法设计并实现了具有时滞与非时滞耦合的复杂网络模型快速控制;最后,通过构造优化Lyapunov函数,讨论其模型的射影同步问题,得到了系统全局稳定的条件和有效的控制器,以实例数值验证其方法的可行性。     

真实情境下问题解决的主题式教学设计与实施*——盖斯定律

当前“盖斯定律”的教学中,注重加和法、虚拟路径法等解题模型的教学,缺乏在真实情境中对物质转化及其能量关系的理解,学生无法感受到盖斯定律在生产中的价值。本文以“能量视角下煤的气化对于提高煤的燃烧效率的意义”为研究主题,通过分析建模、实验验证、情境回归等认识并应用盖斯定律,从能量视角再认识煤的气化对于提高煤的燃烧效率的意义,并且认识到利用化学反应可以实现对能量进行调控,如对工业废热的再利用,深化能量守恒观和能源节约意识,达成提升学科核心素养的目标。     

Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on Mesoporous PdPt Nanoparticles Anchored on a Three-dimensional PANI@CNTs Network as Nanozyme Labels

In this study, a novel strategy to amplify electrochemical signals by mesoporous PdPt nanoparticles with core-shell structures anchored on a three-dimensional PANI@CNTs network as nanozyme labels (PdPt/PANI@CNTs) was proposed for the sensitive monitoring of α-fetoprotein (AFP, Ag). First, the mesoporous PdPt nanoparticles prepared by a facile chemical reduction method had excellent biocompatibility with biomolecules, which could capture a large amount of AFP-Ab₂ (Ab₂) and exhibit plentiful pores to entrap more thionine (Thi) into mesoporous PdPt nanoparticles with enhanced loading and abundant active sites. Furthermore, the resulting mesoporous PdPt nanoparticles were abundantly dotted on the surface of a three-dimensional PANI@CNTs network with excellent conductivity and a high specific surface area through the bonding of the amino group to form PdPt/PANI@CNTs nanozyme labels. Most importantly, the as-prepared PdPt/PANI@CNTs nanozyme labels exhibited unexpected enzyme-like activity towards the reduction of hydrogen peroxide owing to the highly indexed facets, enhancing the current response to realize signal amplification. In view of the advantages of nanozyme labels and the involvement of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, which behave as electrode materials) for the sensitive determination of AFP, the as-developed immunosensor could obtain a dynamic working range of 0.001 ng mL^−1–100.0 ng mL⁻¹ at a detection limit of 0.33 pg mL⁻¹ via DPV (at 3σ). Furthermore, the nanozyme-based electrochemical immunosensor exhibited remarkable analytical performance, which brought about feasible ideas for disease diagnosis in the future.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定土壤中的碘

通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定土壤中的碘。样品预处理采用艾斯卡试剂熔融、热水提取和阳离子树脂静态交换,试验加入了不同剂量的阳离子交换树脂在不同程度上降低了溶液中Na+ 和Zn2+^{等阳离子的盐效应干扰。研究了乙醇在}ICP-MS中对碘元素的增强效应,用3%的氨水溶液清洗进样系统,有效减少的碘的记忆效应和清洗时间。该方法线性范围宽,方法灵敏度高,检出限低,试剂用量少,环境友好。对苏州及周边区域若干非污染土壤点位进行采样、制备和测试,碘平均含量为2.7μg.g_-1^;同步测试国家有证标准物质,精密度和准确度良好。     

Novel ferrocene-containing amphiphilic block copolymer nanoparticles as high-capacity charge carriers in aqueous redox flow systems

Size-exclusion polymer electrolytes are promising charge carriers to diminish the crossover and allowing commercially available low-cost porous membranes in redox flow batteries. Boosting the solubility in water and maximizing the number of redox sites to enhance the capacity of these polymeric systems is challenging. New highly water dispersed amphiphilic diblock copolymers are reported here, with an average concentration value of 1.7 10^?3 mmol of Ferrocene (Fc)-linked moieties per mg of polymer, determined by total X-ray reflection fluorescence. These redox amphiphilic block copolymers are stabilized in water as spherical nanoparticles (20 nm) by using a simple phase solvent inversion procedure. We evidence a maximum polymer dispersibility value of 6 g/L in water, for long-term stable polymer nanoparticle suspensions, yielding a theoretical capacity value of 4.78 mAh at 10.5 mM Fc. Further adjustment of the ionic conductivity and pH of these stable redox block copolymer suspensions has rendered a conductivity value of 44.5 mS/cm at pH values close to a neutral one, by adding a variety of salt supports. Studies using a 3-electrode configuration cell reveal an efficient charge transport between each of the Fc motifs in the polymer nanoparticle. A capacity value of 3.1 mAh with no transient of the polymer nanoparticles crosswise the cheap porous membrane is evidenced when cycled as polycatholyte material in a Zn hybrid aqueous redox flow battery. The particle size and electronic changes of these novel amphiphilic redox block copolymer electrolytes during consecutive redox cycles have also been monitored by dynamic light scattering and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, respectively. The analysis of the results enables the understanding of the main mechanisms behind their non-fully reversible capacity. Among them, aggregation and sedimentation, along with retention inside the graphite felt electrode acting the latter as a filter. These insights will aid the design of future polymer electrolyte materials and redox flow battery components with better performance and cost.     

Activation-induced layered structure in NiCoAl by atomic modulation for energy storage application

The surface activation of alloys favors their electrochemical interactions, ion diffusivity, and the rapid kinetics of ions and electrons, leading to the formation of self-supported layered double hydroxides (LDHs) in them. However, the formation of LDHs at different depths in the alloy upon activation, their electronic/atomic structures, and their electrochemical charge storage mechanism, have not been thoroughly explored. Herein, Ni ion-substituted CoAl alloys are prepared by arc melting and activated by KOH electrolyte, which is responsible for the modulation of the atomic configuration as confirmed by XRD. Raman depth mapping demonstrates how the LDHs vary with depth upon activation and that the octahedral and tetrahedral symmetry sites of CoO and Co₃O₄ are responsible for the formation of the layered structures of CoOOH and Co(OH)₂, respectively. The activated Ni₁₀Co₈₅Al₅ has a superior volumetric capacitance of 4.15 F/cm³ at 0.5 mA/g, which is 38.6 times that of an unactivated one, and excellent cyclic stability up to 5000 cycles, and a voltage of 0.54 V generated from a fabricated supercapacitor cell. X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) analysis indicates greater charge transfer by Co than by Ni and the modulation of the local atomic structures facilitates electrochemical charge storage in Ni₁₀Co₈₅Al₅. This work presents an easy route for the development of advanced LDHs, and the mechanism of electrochemical charge storage in them.     

Role of MXene surface terminations in electrochemical energy storage: A review

MXenes are a group of recently discovered 2D materials and have attracted extensive attention since their first report in 2011; they have shown excellent prospects for energy storage applications owing to their unique layered microstructure and tunable electrical properties. One major feature of MXenes is their tailorable surface terminations (e.g., −F, −O, −OH). Numerous studies have indicated that the composition of the surface terminations can significantly impact the electrochemical properties of MXenes. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood, mainly because of the difficulties in quantitative analysis and characterization. This review summarizes the latest research progress on MXene terminations. First, a systematic introduction to the approaches for preparing MXenes is presented, which generally dominates the surface terminations. Then, theoretical and experimental efforts regarding the surface terminations are discussed, and the influence of surface terminations on the electronic and electrochemical properties of MXenes are generalized. Finally, we present the significance and research prospects of MXene terminations. We expect this review to encourage research on MXenes and provide guidance for usingthese materials for batteries and supercapacitors.